答案是不激活也可以正常使用，但是有一些功能会受到限制
- 在屏幕右下方会有激活windows的水印
- 你无法进行个性化修改，例如修改壁纸、颜色、锁屏、主题等，这些修改按钮都会变成灰色。
- 你无法使用微软账号的同步功能，例如在不同的微软设备上同步设置
实际上你获得是接近有完整服务的win10系统，而且win10也会更新。
至于其他答案或者是百度到的电脑时不时卡顿都是瞎扯，或者是没有选择在微软官网下载win10安装包而使用了其他奇奇怪怪的途径。
这件事情告诫了我今后要多用google，多用英文搜索......远离不靠谱网站
原文So what happens? Nothing. Windows 10 Home or Pro is installed, and you can use it. There are just two limitations that I have come across:
1. Watermark on the lower right-hand corner saying Activate Windows
2. You cannot use anything under Personalization e.g. change wallpaper, accent colors, lock screen, themes, etc. All options are there, they are just grayed out and inaccessible
Other than this you have a fully-functional Windows 10 OS. There are no nag prompts either and yes, you get all system updates (at least for the year).
参考网站：You do not need to Activate Windows 10 to install it, but this is how you can activate later
本回答写于20171120，微软今后的“政策”可能有变，请留意微软官方信息
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