xml 正则表达式 oracle,在 Oracle 中使用正则表达式

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选择匿名的用户   2021-5-29 20:52   51   0

Oracle使用正则表达式离不开这4个函数:

1。regexp_like

2。regexp_substr

3。regexp_instr

4。regexp_replace

看函数名称大概就能猜到有什么用了。

regexp_like 只能用于条件表达式,和 like 类似,但是使用的正则表达式进行匹配,语法很简单:

c2e747f74ae5ff0722d805f52be698c4.gif

regexp_substr函数,和 substr 类似,用于拾取合符正则表达式描述的字符子串,语法如下:

78d627aecfa7897e5a81700ca7b92535.gif regexp_instr函数,和 instr 类似,用于标定符合正则表达式的字符子串的开始位置,语法如下:

6766fffd2a6b1dd00a30716a64bf3b00.gif

regexp_replace函数,和 replace 类似,用于替换符合正则表达式的字符串,语法如下:

0a2f5790a759948b8188f11781a09235.gif

这里解析一下几个参数的含义:

1。source_char,输入的字符串,可以是列名或者字符串常量、变量。

2。pattern,正则表达式。

3。match_parameter,匹配选项。

取值范围: i:大小写不敏感; c:大小写敏感;n:点号 . 不匹配换行符号;m:多行模式;x:扩展模式,忽略正则表达式中的空白字符。

4。position,标识从第几个字符开始正则表达式匹配。

5。occurrence,标识第几个匹配组。

6。replace_string,替换的字符串。

说了一堆文绉绉的,现在开始实例演练了,在此之前先建好一个表。

create table tmp as

with data as (

select 'like' as id ,'a9999' as str from dual union all

select 'like' ,'a9c' from dual union all

select 'like' ,'A7007' from dual union all

select 'like' ,'123a34cc' from dual union all

select 'substr' ,'123,234,345' from dual union all

select 'substr' ,'12,34.56:78' from dual union all

select 'substr' ,'123456789' from dual union all

select 'instr' ,'192.168.0.1' from dual union all

select 'replace' ,'(020)12345678' from dual union all

select 'replace' ,'001517729C28' from dual

)

select * from data ;

select * from tmp ;

ID STR

------- -------------

like a9999

like a9c

like A7007

like 123a34cc

substr 123,234,345

substr 12,34.56:78

substr 123456789

instr 192.168.0.1

replace (020)12345678

replace 001517729C28

regexp_like 例子:

select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'A\d+','i'); -- 'i' 忽略大小写

STR

-------------

a9999

a9c

A7007

123a34cc

select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str, 'a\d+');

STR

-------------

a9999

a9c

123a34cc

select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'^a\d+');

STR

-------------

a9999

a9c

select str from tmp where id='like' and regexp_like(str,'^a\d+$');

STR

-------------

a9999

regexp_substr 例子:

col str format a15;

select

str,

regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+') str,

regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',1,1) str,

regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',1,2) str, -- occurrence 第几个匹配组

regexp_substr(str,'[^,]+',2,1) str -- position 从第几个字符开始匹配

from tmp

where id='substr';

STR STR STR STR STR

--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------

123,234,345 123 123 234 23

12,34.56:78 12 12 34.56:78 2

123456789 123456789 123456789 23456789

select

str,

regexp_substr(str,'\d') str,

regexp_substr(str,'\d+' ,1,1) str,

regexp_substr(str,'\d{2}',1,2) str,

regexp_substr(str,'\d{3}',2,1) str

from tmp

where id='substr';

STR STR STR STR STR

--------------- --------------- --------------- --------------- ---------------

123,234,345 1 123 23 234

12,34.56:78 1 12 34

123456789 1 123456789 34 234

select regexp_substr('123456789','\d',1,level) str --取出每位数字,有时这也是行转列的方式

from dual

connect by level<=9

STR

---------------

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

8

9

regex_instr例子:

col ind format 9999;

select

str,

regexp_instr(str,'\.' ) ind ,

regexp_instr(str,'\.',1,2) ind ,

regexp_instr(str,'\.',5,2) ind

from tmp where id='instr';

STR IND IND IND

--------------- ----- ----- -----

192.168.0.1 4 8 10

select

regexp_instr('192.168.0.1','\.',1,level) ind , -- 点号. 所在的位置

regexp_instr('192.168.0.1','\d',1,level) ind -- 每个数字的位置

from dual

connect by level <= 9

IND IND

----- -----

4 1

8 2

10 3

0 5

0 6

0 7

0 9

0 11

0 0

regex_replace例子:

select

str,

regexp_replace(str,'020','GZ') str,

regexp_replace(str,'(\d{3})(\d{3})','') str -- 将第一、第二捕获组交换位置,用尖括号标识出来

from tmp

where id='replace';

STR STR STR

--------------- --------------- ---------------

(020)12345678 (GZ)12345678 (020)<456123>78

001517729C28 001517729C28 <517001>729C28

综合应用的例子:

col row_line format a30;

with sudoku as (

select '020000080568179234090000010030040050040205090070080040050000060289634175010000020' as line

from dual

),

tmp as (

select regexp_substr(line,'\d{9}',1,level) row_line,

level col

from sudoku

connect by level<=9

)

select regexp_replace( row_line ,'(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)(\d)','\1 \2 \3 \4 \5 \6 \7 \8 \9') row_line

from tmp

ROW_LINE

------------------------------

0 2 0 0 0 0 0 8 0

5 6 8 1 7 9 2 3 4

0 9 0 0 0 0 0 1 0

0 3 0 0 4 0 0 5 0

0 4 0 2 0 5 0 9 0

0 7 0 0 8 0 0 4 0

0 5 0 0 0 0 0 6 0

2 8 9 6 3 4 1 7 5

0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0

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