1.url配置
*先在base urls.py中定义一个指向该应用的url
ex:
url(r'^booktest/',include('booktest.urls'))
说明：booktest为首的应用，都交由booktest.urls来处理
*在 app 的urls.py中定义url
ex:
*url(r'^(?P<p2>\d+)/(?P<p3>\d+)/(?P<p1>\d+)',detail),
*url(r'^(\d+)/(\d+)',show)
说明：涉及到两个点，位置参数和关键字参数,
1.位置参数：如下面的url,用括号括起来，代表传入到show函数中两个参数,show 函数按照顺序接收参数。
2.关键字参数：如url 1,格式为(?P<参数变量名>\d+)，完事之后，在函数中就必须引用这个参数变量名才能够获取相关参数
，这个不用按照顺序来。
2.视图
*404,500
*request
*path
*method
*encoding
*GET #重点，要记住,属于QueryDict对象，允许键相同
*get('键') or GET['键']
*getlist('键')
*POST #重点，要记住
*在获取的时候使用request.POST.get('')/[]获取post的参数
*FILES
*COOKIES
*
*session
*response
加载模板流程（理解）：
t1 = loader.get_template('/booktest/index.html')) #加载模板
content = RequestContent(request,{'h1':'hello'}) #组数据
HttpResponse(t1.render(context)) #渲染模板
简写为：
render(request,'booktest/index.html',content)
重定向：
*httpResponseRedict() #重定向，是httpResponse的子类
简写：
*redirect(to) #to 为url而不是template的路径
JsonResponse #留到后面讲ajax的时候讲
*cookie:不能够跨域名访问
def cookieTest(request):
response = HttpResponse()
response.set_cookie('t1','abc')
cookie = request.COOKIES
if cookie['t1']:
response.write(cookie['t1'])
return response
#跨域名访问不能共享cookie
*session:状态保持
*主要练习session的添加，读取和删除：
Ex:
*原理：
*默认session存在django_session表中
*也可以存在内存/mongo/redis中
*可以通过session_expiry(timeout)设置session的会话时间。
from django.shortcuts import render, redirect
from .models import *
from django.http import *
# Create your views here.
def index(request):
booklist = BookInfo.books1.all()
content={'title':booklist}
return render(request, 'booktest/dccloud.html',content)
def show(request,id):
book = BookInfo.books1.get(pk=id)
heroList = book.heroinfo_set.all()
content = {'list':heroList}
return render(request,'booktest/show.html',content)
#views 练习
def detail(request,p1,p2,p3):
return HttpResponse(p1)
#
def getTest1(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest1.html')
def getTest2(request):
a1 = request.GET['a']
b1 = request.GET['b']
c1 = request.GET['c']
content = {'a':a1,'b':b1,'c':c1}
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest2.html',content)
def getTest3(request):
a1 = request.GET.getlist('a')
content = {'a':a1}
return render(request, 'booktest/getTest3.html',content)
#post测试
def postTest1(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/postTest1.html')
def postTest2(request):
uname = request.POST['uname']
upasswd = request.POST['upwd']
ugender = request.POST['ugender']
uhobby = request.POST.getlist('uhobby')
content = {'uname':uname,'upasswd':upasswd,'ugender':ugender,'uhobby':uhobby}
return render(request, 'booktest/postTest2.html',content)
#测试cookie
def cookieTest(request):
response = HttpResponse()
response.set_cookie('t1','abc')
cookie = request.COOKIES
if cookie['t1']:
response.write(cookie['t1'])
return response
#跨域名访问不能共享cookie
#转向练习
def redTest(request):
#return HttpResponseRedirect('postTest1') #这里必须是url地址
return redirect('/booktest/postTest1')
#session练习
def session1(request):
uname = request.session.get('myname')
content={'uname':uname}
return render(request, 'booktest/session1.html',content)
def session2(request):
return render(request, 'booktest/session2.html')
def sessionHandle(request):
uname = request.POST['uname']
request.session['myname'] = uname #设置
request.session.set_expiry(0) #设置过期时间，0表示关闭浏览器就过期
return redirect('/booktest/session1')
def session3(request):
del request.session['myname']
return redirect('/booktest/session1')
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