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1.下载依赖
sudo wget -O /etc/yum.repos.d/jenkins.repo https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.repo
2.导入秘钥
sudo rpm --import https://pkg.jenkins.io/redhat-stable/jenkins.io.key
3.安装
yum install jenkins
等待jenkins安装完毕
4.启动前检查是否已安装jdk
java -version
#显示java参数即证明已安装jdk
[root@ding sysconfig]# java -version
java version "1.8.0_201"
Java(TM) SE Runtime Environment (build 1.8.0_201-b09)
Java HotSpot(TM) 64-Bit Server VM (build 25.201-b09, mixed mode)
[root@ding sysconfig]#
5.查找jenkins安装路径
rpm -ql jenkins
jenkins安装路径
[root@ding sysconfig]# rpm -ql jenkins
/etc/init.d/jenkins
/etc/logrotate.d/jenkins
/etc/sysconfig/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins
/usr/lib/jenkins/jenkins.war
/usr/sbin/rcjenkins
/var/cache/jenkins
/var/lib/jenkins
/var/log/jenkins
[root@ding sysconfig]#
jenkins相关目录释义：
（1）/usr/lib/jenkins/：jenkins安装目录，war包会放在这里。
( 2 ) /etc/sysconfig/jenkins：jenkins配置文件，“端口”，“JENKINS_HOME”等都可以在这里配置。
（3）/var/lib/jenkins/：默认的JENKINS_HOME。
（4）/var/log/jenkins/jenkins.log：jenkins日志文件。
6.配置jenkins
（1）查找jenkins端口,并修改端口为8899
cat /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
查找到jenkins端口为8080
vim /etc/sysconfig/jenkins
（2） 启动jenkins
sudo service jenkins start
[root@ding jenkins]# sudo service jenkins start
Starting jenkins (via systemctl): Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.
[FAILED]
[root@ding jenkins]#
通过RPM安装Jenkins简单方便,不太需要复杂的过程，但是在安装完成以后启动Jenkins的时候提示“Starting jenkins (via systemctl): Job for jenkins.service failed because the control process exited with error code. See "systemctl status jenkins.service" and "journalctl -xe" for details.”，此时无法启动Jenkins，需要执行systemctl status jenkins.service来检查下其状态；
通过检查Jenkins的运行状态我们可以捕捉到启动的时候报错“Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory”，没有找到jdk；
[root@ding jenkins]# systemctl status jenkins.service
● jenkins.service - LSB: Jenkins Automation Server
Loaded: loaded (/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins; bad; vendor preset: disabled)
Active: failed (Result: exit-code) since Sun 2019-02-17 15:22:06 CST; 1min 34s ago
Docs: man:systemd-sysv-generator(8)
Process: 6694 ExecStart=/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins start (code=exited, status=1/FAILURE)
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: Starting LSB: Jenkins Automation Server...
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com runuser[6699]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session opened for user jenkins by (uid=0)
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com jenkins[6694]: Starting Jenkins bash: /usr/bin/java: No such file or directory
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com runuser[6699]: pam_unix(runuser:session): session closed for user jenkins
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com jenkins[6694]: [FAILED]
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: jenkins.service: control process exited, code=exited status=1
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: Failed to start LSB: Jenkins Automation Server.
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: Unit jenkins.service entered failed state.
Feb 17 15:22:06 ding.com systemd[1]: jenkins.service failed.
[root@ding jenkins]#
查找java安装路径：
[root@ding jenkins]# whereis java
java: /usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_201/bin/java
[root@ding jenkins]#
打开“Jenkins的启动脚本路径/etc/rc.d/init.d/jenkins”，搜索jdk的配置路径
此时观察我们发现默认搜索的路径是/usr/bin/java,所以需要变更成为自己的jdk路径“/usr/lib/jvm/jdk1.8.0_201/bin/java”，注意需要指定到java的执行文件，修改完成重新启动；
重启成功：
（5）验证jenkins能否打开
http://192.168.193.110:8899
进入jenkins解密界面
cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
root@ding jenkins]# cat /var/lib/jenkins/secrets/initialAdminPassword
44b379d671ad4270b8d9e595290a1041
[root@ding jenkins]#
获取密码
=>获取密码=>输入密码=>继续
=>安装插件=>retry几次可安装成功
=>注册账号 (记录好账号密码)
dingpq/123456
=>开始使用Jenkins
getting started
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